水性色浆中润湿分散剂的快捷选择方法——粘度法

A quick method for wetting dispersants in waterborne colorants -- viscosity method

颜料的润湿性主要取决于颜料的表面化学和物理特性。颜料的分散包括三个过程：颜料粒子表面吸附的空气被分散介质所代替，即润湿过程;颜料聚集体在机械力作用下破碎，形成原生粒子或较小的聚集体，即机械粉碎分散过程;防止分散后的颜料粒子或较小的聚集体再聚集，即稳定过程[1]。想要获得比较稳定的颜料分散体系，必须依靠润湿分散剂的帮助。

The wettability of pigments depends mainly on the surface chemistry and physical properties of pigments. The dispersion of pigment consists of three processes: the air adsorbed on the surface of the pigment particles is replaced by the dispersing medium, that is, the wetting process; the pigment aggregates are broken by mechanical force, forming a primary particle or a small aggregate, that is, the mechanical pulverizing and dispersing process, and preventing the dispersed pigment particles or the smaller aggregates to gather again, that is to say, stability is stable. Process [1]. To obtain a more stable pigment dispersing system, we must rely on the help of wetting dispersant.

润湿分散剂的发展趋势之一是向高相对分子质量发展[2-4]。近年开发的具有颜料亲和基的高分子聚合物分散剂分子量更大，在颜料表面上吸附牢度更强，空间位阻效应更强，使水性色浆的颜料分散技术得以快速发展。这类分散剂是一类新型高效的聚合物型分散助剂，克服了传统分散剂在分子结构上的局限性，在水性体系中具有良好的分散效果[5]。它主要通过锚固基团吸附在颜料颗粒表面，通过亲水性溶剂化链分散在水中，进而能够快速而充分的润湿颗粒，增加其在水中的亲和力;通过空间位阻作用和双电层作用，使分散的颜料颗粒不容易聚沉或絮凝，增加分散体系的稳定性[6]。

One of the developing trends of wetting dispersants is to develop [2-4] to high molecular weight. In recent years, the molecular weight of polymer dispersants with pigment affinities is larger, the adsorptive fastness is stronger on the surface of the pigment, and the space hindrance effect is stronger, which makes the pigment dispersion technology of water color pulp develop rapidly. This kind of dispersant is a new type of high efficient polymer dispersing agent, which overcomes the limitation of the traditional dispersant on the molecular structure and has a good dispersing effect in the water system [5]. It is mainly adsorbed on the surface of the pigment particles through the anchorage group, and is dispersed in the water by the hydrophilic solvent chain, and then can quickly and fully moisten the particles and increase its affinity in the water. Through the space hindrance and the double layer action, the dispersed pigment particles can not be easily sink or flocculate, and the stability of the dispersion system is increased. Qualitative [6].

颜料的润湿和分散是色浆生产的关键，本文根据科迪公司常用的润湿分散剂，针对不同颜料色粉特性，对润湿分散剂的选定提供一种快捷方法，为以后产品的改进和研发提供一定的依据。

The wetting and dispersing of the pigment is the key to the production of the color pulp. According to the common wetting and dispersing agent of Cody company, this paper provides a quick method for the selection of wetting and dispersing agent for the characteristics of different pigments, and provides a certain basis for the future improvement and research and development of the products.

1实验部分

1 experimental part

1.1实验试剂及设备

1.1 experimental reagents and equipment

润湿分散剂、颜料等色浆配方组成所需原材料：广州市番禺科迪色彩有限公司提供;色差计：美国DATACOLOR;旋转粘度计：广州市标格达实验用品有限公司;分散机、恒温恒湿干燥箱、涂布器：上海现代环境工程技术有限公司;电子天平、烧杯：市售。

Raw materials required for composition of wetting and dispersing agent and pigment paste: Guangzhou Panyu coldI color Co., Ltd.; chromometer: American DATACOLOR; rotary viscometer: Guangzhou GG Da experimental supplies Co., Ltd.; disperser, constant temperature and humidity drying box, coater: Shanghai Modern Environmental Engineering Technology Co., Ltd.; electronic days Flat, beaker: market.

1.2实验采用方法：粘度法

1.2 method of experiment: viscosity method

将润湿分散剂和水按照一定比例在高速分散机下(500r/min)均匀混合，然后添加颜料，在1500r/min下，分散15min(文中除特殊说明，所用的分散剂：水：颜料均按照4：1：5的比例)，测定其分散液的旋转粘度。然后分析对比，筛选合适的分散剂进行配方验证。

The wetting dispersant and water are evenly mixed under a high speed disperser (500r/min) in a certain proportion, then the pigment is added and the 15min is dispersed under 1500r/min. (the dispersing agent in the paper, except for the water: the pigment is in proportion to the 4:1:5), is used to determine the spin viscosity of the dispersing liquid. Then, the appropriate dispersing agents were selected for validation.

2实验结果与讨论

2 experimental results and discussion

表1不同润湿分散剂对酞菁绿(P.G.7)的分散粘度

Table 1 dispersing viscosity of phthalocyanine green (P.G.7) by different wetting dispersants

表1不同润湿分散剂对酞菁绿(P.G.7)的分散粘度

Table 1 dispersing viscosity of phthalocyanine green (P.G.7) by different wetting dispersants

从表1可以看出，由于酞菁绿本身密度稍大，大多分散体系在静置一段时间后都出现结底的现象，这样可能在同等条件下选择。从表中可知，润湿分散剂B无论是分散状态还是体系的粘度，都能说明对酞菁绿的分散状态比较好，其次分散状态较好的为润湿分散剂D、F、E、C和G。所以考虑以润湿分散剂B为主分散剂，并与其他几种分散剂进行搭配。表3为研磨实验后助剂选择的验证实验结果。

From table 1, it can be seen that as the density of phthalocyanine green is slightly larger, most of the dispersion systems appear at the bottom after a period of static time, which may be selected under the same conditions. It can be seen from the table that the dispersing agent B, whether the dispersion state or the viscosity of the system, can indicate that the dispersing state of phthalocyanine green is better, and then the dispersing agent is the wetting dispersant D, F, E, C and G. So wetting dispersant B is considered as the main dispersant, and is mixed with other dispersants. Table 3 is the verification test result of the selection of additives after grinding experiments.

表2不同润湿分散剂对酞菁绿(P.G.7)验证实验

Table 2 verification experiments of phthalocyanine green (P.G.7) with different wetting dispersants

色浆研磨后状态：粘度小，流动性良好。

After grinding, the viscosity is small and fluidity is good.

将以上三个配方色浆在涂料中的展色力对比如下(以1#为标准)

The coloring power of the above three colorants in the paint is compared with the following (1# standard).

表2不同润湿分散剂对酞菁绿(P.G.7)验证实验

Table 2 verification experiments of phthalocyanine green (P.G.7) with different wetting dispersants

颜色指标是采用电脑测色仪得出的结果，这里：

The color index is the result of the computer color tester.

△L表示明暗度。如为正值，说明明暗度较亮：负为较暗。

The delta L represents the brightness. If positive, it shows that the shade is lighter: the negative is darker.

△a表示偏红或偏绿。如为正值，说明偏红：负为偏绿。

Delta a indicates red or partial green. If it is on the positive point, it shows that the negative is green.

△b表示偏黄或偏蓝。如为正值，说明偏黄：负为偏蓝

Delta B indicates yellow or partial blue. In the case of positive value, it is indicated that the negative is partial blue

△E表示总色差。

The delta E represents the total chromatic aberration.

△str表示着色力差。(下面的相同内容均不再做说明)

Delta STR indicates poor coloring force. (the following same content is no longer explained)

以上三种配方分散分散状态良好，从表2可知，配方1#展色力最好，即说明润湿分散剂B和D搭配，色浆的着色力明显提高，这与粘度法对分散剂的选择的结果一致。

The above three formulations are dispersed and dispersed well. From table 2, it is known that formula 1# has the best color spreading force, that is, the coloring force of the wetting dispersant, B and D, is obviously improved, which is in accordance with the results of the viscosity method for the selection of dispersant.

表3不同润湿分散剂对萘酚AS(P.R.112)的分散粘度

Table 3 dispersing viscosity of naphthol AS (P.R.112) by different wetting dispersants

点击打开原图

Click open the original map

表3不同润湿分散剂对萘酚AS(P.R.112)的分散粘度

Table 3 dispersing viscosity of naphthol AS (P.R.112) by different wetting dispersants

从表3从可以看出，对于颜料红(P.R.112)有较好的润湿效果的较好的是润湿分散剂E、B、A，其次为H和G。现将分散剂E作为主润湿分散剂，搭配其他分散剂研磨色浆。配方1#(E&B),配方2#(E&A),配方3#(E&H),配方表在此不一一详述。

From table 3, it can be seen that wetting agents E, B and A are the best wetting agents for pigment red (P.R.112), followed by H and G. Dispersant E is used as the main wetting dispersant and collocate with other dispersants. Formula 1# (E&B), formula 2# (E&A), formula 3# (E&H), the recipe table is not detailed here.

色浆研磨后流动性：2#>1#>3#

Fluidity after lapping of color pulp: 2#>1#>3#

将以上三个配方在涂料中的展色力对比如下(以1#为标准)

The coloring power of the above three formulations in the paint is as follows (as 1#).

将以上三个配方在涂料中的展色力对比

Comparing the color developing power of the above three formulations in coatings

以上结果表明，配方2#流动性和展色力均最好，即说明润湿分散剂E和A搭配，色浆的着色力明显提高，流动性明显要好，这与粘度法对分散剂的选择的结果一致。

The above results show that the fluidity and color spreading force of formula 2# are the best, that is to indicate that the wetting dispersant E and A are collocated, the coloring force of the color pulp is obviously improved and the fluidity is obviously better, which is in accordance with the results of the viscosity method for the selection of dispersant.

将以上三个配方在涂料中的展色力对比

Comparing the color developing power of the above three formulations in coatings

表4可知，对于颜料碳黑(P.BK7)有较好的润湿效果的较好的是润湿分散剂D、M和F，其次为N，所以对润湿分散剂D、M、F和N进行搭配。配方1#(D&M),配方2#(D&F),配方3#(D&N)。

Table 4 shows that the better wetting effect for pigment carbon black (P.BK7) is the wetting dispersant D, M and F, followed by N, so the wetting dispersant D, M, F and N are matched. Formula 1# (D&M), formula 2# (D&F), formula 3# (D&N).

色浆研磨后的流动性比较：1#>3#>2#

The flowability of the color pulp after grinding: 1#>3#>2#

将以上三个配方在涂料中的展色力对比如下(以1#为标准

The coloring power of the above three formulations in the paint is compared with the following (1# is the standard).