颜料分散过程比较复杂，但有三个作用是最主要的，即润湿作用、解聚集作用和稳定化作用，只有当润湿、解聚集和稳定化这三者能协同作用，颜料才能均匀、稳定地分散于涂料中。使用适宜的润湿分散剂可同时提供颜料润湿、解聚集和稳定化的作用，不仅可缩短研磨分散的时间，降低研磨体系的粘度，提高颜料的着色力和遮盖力，而且能防止颜料的絮凝、返粗、沉淀，提高涂料贮存稳定性，保证颜料始终处于良好的分散状态，保持颜色的均匀性。颜料分散剂大多数既具有润湿功能又具有分散稳定作用。
The dispersion process of pigment is complex, but there are three main functions, namely, wetting, depolymerization and stabilization. Only when the three functions of wetting, depolymerization and stabilization can work together, the pigment can be evenly and stably dispersed in the paint. The use of appropriate wetting dispersant can provide the functions of pigment wetting, depolymerization and stabilization at the same time. It can not only shorten the time of grinding dispersion, reduce the viscosity of grinding system, improve the coloring power and covering power of pigment, but also prevent the flocculation, coarsening and precipitation of pigment, improve the storage stability of pigment, ensure the pigment is always in a good dispersion state, and maintain the color uniformity Uniformity. Most of pigment dispersants have both wetting function and dispersion stability.