| 涂料分散剂在颜料分散中起到的十大效果 |
| 添加时间：2018/1/16 15:41:23 浏览次数： |
| 与染料不同，颜料通常不溶于所使用的介质，大多数情况下都是以聚集体的方式存在。要得到好的着色力、遮盖力及色度等，必须将颜料的聚集体打开并保持稳定。如果颜料没有分散好，许多缺陷就有可能发生，如：絮凝、失光、颜色偏移、浮色/发花、沉淀等。本文重点介绍颜料分散过程中会遇到的问题，以及分散剂在颜料分散时所起的作用。 Unlike dyes, pigments are usually insoluble in the medium used, and in most cases they are in the form of aggregates. To obtain good coloring, covering and chromaticity, the aggregate of the pigment must be opened and kept stable. If the paint does not have good dispersion, many defects are likely to occur, such as flocculation, loss of light, color offset, floating color and precipitation / flooding. This paper focuses on the problems encountered in the process of pigment dispersion and the role of dispersants in the dispersion of pigments. 颜料分散过程 Pigment dispersing process 颜料的分散过程由润湿、分散、稳定3个步骤组成。 The dispersing process of the pigment consists of 3 steps: wetting, dispersing and stabilizing. 润湿：润湿过程中颜料表面的的空气和水气被树脂溶液所替换，颜料/空气被转换成颜料/树脂溶液。分散剂尤其是低分子型的润湿分散剂能加快润湿的过程。 Wetting: the air and water on the surface of the pigment in the wetting process are replaced by a resin solution, and the pigment / air is converted into a pigment / resin solution. The dispersing agent, especially the low molecular type wetting dispersant, can accelerate the wetting process. 分散：分散过程中，主要依靠冲击和剪切力，颜料的团聚态被打碎成较小的微粒，成为分散状态（均匀布）。 Dispersion: in the process of dispersing, the aggregate state of the pigment is broken into smaller particles, and the dispersion state (uniform cloth) depends mainly on the impact and shear force. 稳定：稳定的过程，分散剂用于保持颜料分散状态的稳定，阻止失控的凝，并依据颜料表面所吸附的黏结剂种类和分子结构，促使悬浮液获得稳定状态。分散剂尤其是高分子分散剂对颜料粒子的稳定起了很大的作用。 Stability: a stable process. Dispersants are used to maintain the stability of pigment dispersion and prevent runaway coagulation, and stabilize the suspensions on the basis of the types and molecular structures of the binder that are adsorbed on the surface of the pigment. The dispersant, especially the polymer dispersing agent, plays a great role in the stability of the pigment particles. 使用分散剂好处 Use of dispersant benefits 分散剂在涂料生产中发挥了非常重要的作用。分散体系的稳定能避免诸多的涂料问题及漆膜弊病，如果配方合理，适量地添加分散剂能够有效降低成本，改善涂料性能。 Dispersant plays a very important role in the production of coatings. The stability of dispersion system can avoid many coatings problems and paint defects. If the formulation is reasonable, proper addition of dispersant can effectively reduce the cost and improve the coating performance. 1、提升光泽，增加流平效果 1, improve the luster and increase the leveling effect 有试验表明，完全相同的配方，采用不同的分散剂，得出的漆膜光泽会有明显的差别。例如，在黑色卷材涂料体系中，不同的3种分散剂制得的涂料涂膜的20°光泽分别是69.7%、81.5%、77.1%。如果所采用的分散剂不恰当，颜色絮凝后变粗，其对光泽所起的作用类似于消光粉，自然会影响光泽。 Experiments have shown that the lacquer lustre of the film can be distinctly different from the same formula and the use of different dispersing agents. For example, in the black coiling system, the 20 degree luster of the coating made by 3 different dispersants is 69.7%, 81.5%, and 77.1%, respectively. If the dispersant is not appropriate, the color is thickened after the color flocculation, and its effect on the luster is similar to the light powder, and it will naturally affect the luster. 2、防止浮色发花 2, to prevent floating 防止浮色发花，是大家所熟知的分散剂的作用之一。要防止浮色发花，应该选用合适的分散剂，无论是罐内浮色发花还是漆膜的浮色发花，都可以得到改善或消除。还有些分散剂，例如SN-2004，是受控絮凝类的分散剂，分子链中含有一些羧基基团，与颜料亲和的同时，还会互相形成氢键，从而使颜料粒子稳定，达到预防浮色发花的效果。 Prevent floating, is one of the dispersing agent known as. To prevent the floating, should choose appropriate dispersant, whether it is in the tank or floating film floating, can be improved or eliminated. There are some dispersants, such as SN-2004, dispersant is controlled flocculation the molecular chain containing some carboxyl groups, and at the same time, dye affinity, but also with each other to form hydrogen bonds, so that the pigment is stable, to prevent the floating effect. 3、提高着色力 3. Improve the power of coloring 颜料分散和稳定得更好，其着色力会明显加强。 The pigment is better dispersed and stable, and its coloring force will be obviously strengthened. 4、降低粘度，增加颜料载入量 4. Reduce the viscosity and increase the volume of the pigments 采用合适的分散剂，所得的色浆黏度会明显降低。这样可以增加颜料的载入量，提高生产效率。 With suitable dispersant, the viscosity of the obtained color pulp will be significantly reduced. This can increase the load of the pigment and improve the production efficiency. 5、减少絮凝，增加施工性和使用性 5, reduce flocculation, increase constructability and usability 许多人在评估分散剂时，都会做指研试验。如果分散剂搭配不恰当，指研的区域与未指研的区域会产生明显的色差，絮凝后的颜料着色力会下降，这给调色及涂料施工都带来困难。采用流板试验，也能观察到色浆的絮凝与否。 Many people do research in the evaluation of dispersants. If the dispersant matching is not proper, the area of finger research area and the area without reference will produce obvious chromatic aberration, and the coloring power of pigments will be decreased after flocculation, which will bring difficulties for color matching and coating construction. The flow plate test can also be used to observe the flocculation of the color pulp. 6、防止返粗，增加贮存稳定性 6. Prevent back rough and increase storage stability 如果选用不合适的分散剂，色浆发生返粗或因絮凝而产生颜色的变化，都不是大家所希望的。除树脂体系外，分散剂是影响涂料贮存稳定性的重要因素。分散不佳的色浆会发生返粗、沉降及着色力下降。 If the inappropriate dispersing agent is chosen, the changes in color of the color pulp or flocculation are not expected. In addition to the resin system, the dispersing agent is an important factor affecting the storage stability of the coatings. The poor dispersion of the color pulp will occur back rough, settlement and decline in coloring force. 7、增加展色性和颜色饱和度 7. Increase the chromaticity and color saturation 分散剂的这个作用最易为大家所忽略。有实例表明，采用不同的分散剂分散相同的颜料，其色相及饱和度会有明显差别。通常来说，分散得越好，饱和度会越高（如果是碳黑，则是分散得越好，L值越低，黑度越高）。 The effect of dispersant is most easily ignored by everyone. An example shows that the color phase and saturation of the same pigment are obviously different by using different dispersants to disperse the same pigment. Generally speaking, the better dispersion, saturation will be higher (if it is black, is the better dispersion, the lower the L value, the higher the blackness). 8、增加透明度或遮盖力 8. Increase transparency or concealing power 对于铝粉漆来说，会希望色浆的透明性越高越好。而针对素色漆，又希望色浆的遮盖力越高越好。其实这与颜料粒径有关。有资料显示，除折射率外，颜料粒径分布是透明度的另一重要因素。粒径增加，散射光线能力增强，直到最大值，然后开始下降。这种散射光线的能力增强了颜料的遮盖力，散射能力最强时达到最大，粒径继续增加遮盖力则会下降。而当颜料粒径低于某个值时，随着粒径的下降，透明度会增加。分散剂不能改变颜料本身的特性，但能控制颜料粒径分布，达到更理想的颜色效果。 For aluminum paint, it is expected that the transparency of the color pulp will be better. The plain paint, and hope that the paste is good hiding power. In fact, this is related to the size of the pigment particles. In addition to the refractive index, the distribution of the pigment particle size is another important factor of transparency. The particle size increases, the scattering light ability increases until the maximum, and then begins to drop. The ability to scatter light increases the covering power of the pigment, the maximum when the scattering capacity is the strongest, and the continuous increase of the covering power of the particle will decrease. When the particle size is lower than a certain value, the transparency increases with the decrease of the particle size. The dispersant can not change the characteristics of the pigment itself, but it can control the distribution of the pigment particle size to achieve a better color effect. 9、提高研磨效率，降低生产成本 9, improve the efficiency of grinding and reduce the cost of production 润湿分散剂的润湿功能使颜料表面的空气和水能更快速地被研磨介质的液体所取代，同时使分散阶段所取得的颜料初级粒子的分离得以保持和控制。这些都提高了研磨效率，降低了能耗和人力成本。 The wetting and dispersing agent's wetting function enables the air and water on the pigment surface to be replaced by the liquid in the grinding medium more quickly, and at the same time, the separation of primary particles in the disperse stage can be maintained and controlled. These all improve the efficiency of grinding, reduce energy consumption and manpower cost. 10、防止沉降 10, prevent settlement 许多人想当然地认为防沉必须依靠防沉剂，其实这是片面的。研磨好的色浆如果产生絮凝，颜料粒子变大，密度增加，就会很快沉降。选用了合适分散剂的色浆可以少加甚至不需要添加防沉剂。笔者曾经做过70%的钛白粉无树脂色浆，其黏度很低（91.1mPa·s，剪切 Many people take it for granted that the anti sinking agent must depend on the anti sinking agent, which is actually one-sided. If the abrasive pulp is flocculated, the pigment particles become larger and the density increases, and it will soon settle. The use of the suitable dispersant of the color pulp can be less or even do not need to add anti sinking agents. I have done 70% of the titanium dioxide without resin color pulp, its viscosity is very low (91.1mPa. S, shear |
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